Navigating Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana Use While Breastfeeding
By Beth Conover, APRN, CGC, MotherToBaby Nebraska
As a new mother, you’ve likely taken great care during your pregnancy to ensure the health of your baby by avoiding alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana. Now, as you embark on breastfeeding, you might be wondering if these precautions should continue. You’re not alone in this concern. It’s a common question posed to healthcare providers and at MotherToBaby’s information line. As a mother and a healthcare professional, I understand the dilemmas you face.
The Importance of Breastfeeding
Breastfeeding is highly beneficial for both you and your baby, providing essential nutrients and fostering a strong bond. The recommended duration for breastfeeding is at least six months, with a year being even more beneficial.
Understanding Recreational Drugs
Alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana are often considered recreational drugs, as they generally do not serve a medical purpose for most people. However, it’s crucial to be aware that these substances can pass through breast milk and affect your baby. Let’s examine each one in detail.
Alcohol
All types of alcohol can pass into breast milk. Frequent exposure can lead to developmental delays in babies. To minimize risks, wait 2-3 hours after a single drink before breastfeeding. If you consume two drinks, extend the wait to 4-6 hours. Pumping for comfort is fine, but discard the milk if you suspect it contains alcohol. Those who drink heavily should consider alternatives to breastfeeding.
Tobacco
While it’s best for your health and your baby’s to avoid smoking, if you do smoke, keep your consumption low and never smoke around your baby. Nicotine is present in breast milk, so try to wait several hours before nursing. Smoking increases the risk of respiratory infections and sudden infant death syndrome, but breastfeeding still offers protective benefits.
Marijuana
THC, the active compound in marijuana, is transmitted through breast milk. Marijuana’s production lacks regulation, possibly introducing contaminants. Although research is limited, THC exposure may hinder a baby’s development and reduce milk supply. Avoiding marijuana while breastfeeding is advised, and waiting 1-2 days after use before nursing can help reduce risks.
Conclusion
Breastfeeding is a positive step towards your baby’s health, and taking measures to ensure your breast milk remains healthy is crucial. Stay informed and make thoughtful choices for the well-being of your child.
Beth Conover, APRN, CGC, is an experienced genetic counselor and pediatric nurse practitioner, with a long history of contributions to maternal and child health. She founded the Nebraska Teratogen Information Service and has consulted for the FDA and CDC.
Resources: MotherToBaby offers guidance on exposures during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Contact them at 866-626-6847 or text (855) 999-3525. Visit MotherToBaby.org for more information.
